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Digital humanities is an area of research and teaching at the intersection of computing and the disciplines of the humanities. Developing from the fields of humanities computing, humanistic computing,〔Humanistic Computing, Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 86, No. 11, November, 1998, Pages 2123-2151.〕 and digital humanities praxis (〔http://dhpraxisf13.commons.gc.cuny.edu/tag/dhpraxis/〕) digital humanities embraces a variety of topics, from curating online collections to data mining large cultural data sets. Digital humanities (often abbreviated DH) currently incorporates both digitized and born-digital materials and combines the methodologies from traditional humanities disciplines (such as history, philosophy, linguistics, literature, art, archaeology, music, and cultural studies) and social sciences 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.digitalhumanities.cam.ac.uk/ )〕 with tools provided by computing (such as Hypertext,Hypermedia,data visualisation, information retrieval, data mining, statistics, text mining, digital mapping), and digital publishing. The definition of the "digital humanities" is something that is being continually formulated by scholars and practitioners; they ask questions and demonstrate through projects and collaborations with others. Collaboration is a major part of DH, with not only scholars sharing their research with other scholars, but with ongoing DH projects, the public can share their ideas about different topics with each other and learn from each other's opinion. In an interview on the subject of her work, Kathleen Fitzpatrick, an American scholar and exponent of the digital humanities, offers this practical definition: "For me it has to do with the work that gets done at the crossroads of digital media and traditional humanistic study. And that happens in two different ways. On the one hand, it’s bringing the tools and techniques of digital media to bear on traditional humanistic questions. But it’s also bringing humanistic modes of inquiry to bear on digital media."〔("On Scholarly Communication and the Digital Humanities: An Interview with Kathleen Fitzpatrick" ), ''In the Library with the Lead Pipe''〕 "A chapter in ''Debates in the Digital Humanities''〔“Day of DH: Defining the Digital Humanities,” in Debates in the Digital Humanities, ed. Matthew K. Gold (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2012), 69–71.〕 offers twenty-one definitions culled from a far longer (online list )."〔Gardiner, Eileen and Ronald G. Musto. (2015). ''The Digital Humanities: A Primer for Students and Scholars.'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 5.〕 Related subfields of digital humanities have emerged like software studies, platform studies, and critical code studies. Digital Humanities also intersects with new media studies and information science as well as media theory of composition, game studies, particularly in areas related to digital humanities project design and production, and culturomics.〔Roth, S. (2014), "Fashionable functions. A Google ngram view of trends in functional differentiation (1800-2000)", ''International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction'', Band 10, Nr. 2, S. 34-58 (online: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2491422).〕 〔 Liu, C.-L., G. Jin, Q. Liu, W.-Y. Chiu, and Y.-S. Yu. (2011) "Some chances and challenges in applying language technologies to historical studies in Chinese", ''International Journal of Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing'', 16(1-2):27‒46. (http://arxiv.org/abs/1210.5898) 〕 ==Areas of inquiry== Digital humanities scholars use computational methods either to answer existing research questions or to challenge existing theoretical paradigms, generating new questions and pioneering new approaches. One goal is to systematically integrate computer technology into the activities of humanities scholars,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.neh.gov/ODH/Grant Opportunities/tabid/57/Default.aspx )〕 as is done in contemporary empirical social sciences. Such technology-based activities might include incorporation into the traditional arts and humanities disciplines use of text-analytic techniques; GIS; commons-based peer collaboration; and interactive games and multimedia. Despite the significant trend in digital humanities towards networked and multimodal forms of knowledge, spanning social, visual, and haptic media, a substantial amount of digital humanities focuses on documents and text in ways that differentiate the field's work from digital research in Media studies, Information studies, Communication studies, and Sociology. Another goal of digital humanities is to create scholarship that transcends textual sources. This includes the integration of multimedia, metadata and dynamic environments. An example of this is The Valley of the Shadow project at the University of Virginia, the Vectors Journal of Culture and Technology in a Dynamic Vernacular at University of Southern California or (Digital Pioneers projects at Harvard ). Another issue in the digital humanities is the visualization of cultural data sets as researched by Curtin University in Perth, Australia. A growing number of researchers in digital humanities are using computational methods for the analysis of large cultural data sets such as the Google Books corpus.〔Roth, S. (2014), Fashionable functions. A Google ngram view of trends in functional differentiation (1800-2000), International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction, Band 10, Nr. 2, S. 34-58 (online: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2491422).〕 Examples of such projects were highlighted by the Humanities High Performance Computing competition sponsored by the Office of Digital Humanities in 2008, and also by the Digging Into Data challenge organized in 2009 and 2011 by NEH in collaboration with NSF, and in partnership with JISC in the UK, and SSHRC in Canada. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Digital humanities」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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